Vitamin E
A fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes.
~90% of Americans do not meet the estimated average requirement for vitamin E from food
Why it matters for longevity
Vitamin E protects polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes from oxidative damage, supports immune function, and helps prevent LDL cholesterol oxidation. The alpha-tocopherol form is the most biologically active. Research from the Women's Health Study found that vitamin E supplementation reduced cardiovascular death by 24% in women over 10 years of follow-up.
How much you need
15mg (22.4 IU) for adults
Researchers recommend 15-30mg daily from whole food sources rather than high-dose supplements.
Signs you might be low
- Muscle weakness
- Vision problems
- Numbness and tingling
- Poor immune function
Best food sources
Key research
Lee IM et al. (2005). Vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: the Women's Health Study. JAMA, 294(1), 56-65.
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