Vitamins

Folate (Vitamin B9)

Essential for DNA repair and methylation.

~20% of adolescent girls and women of childbearing age have inadequate folate status

Why it matters for longevity

Folate is critical for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, a process that regulates gene expression throughout life. Inadequate folate leads to elevated homocysteine, a marker linked to cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline. Folate also plays a key role in preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. Research from the Nurses Health Study linked adequate folate intake to a 20% reduction in colon cancer risk.

How much you need

RDA

400mcg DFE for adults, 600mcg for pregnant women

Optimal

Researchers recommend 400-800mcg daily from food sources like leafy greens. Natural food folate is preferred over synthetic folic acid.

Signs you might be low

  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Sore mouth and tongue
  • Gray hair (premature)
  • Poor concentration

Best food sources

FoodPer serving
Beef liver (3 oz)215mcg
Lentils, cooked (1 cup)358mcg
Spinach, cooked (1 cup)263mcg
Asparagus (1 cup)262mcg
Black-eyed peas (1 cup)358mcg

Key research

Giovannucci E et al. (1998). Multivitamin use, folate, and colon cancer in women in the Nurses Health Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 129(7), 517-524.

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